Abona basethubeni lokuba ngamafama amatsha banako nkqu nokugqobhoza kwiimalike zosondelelwano lwamazwe ngamazwe ukuba bathatha amanyathelo ezoshishino anobukrelekrele. IFood For Mzansi ibuza iingcali malunga neengcebiso ezintlanu eziphezulu zabo zokuthunyelwa kwesiveliso esitsha sakho. Ungaqashisela ukuba kwenzeka ntoni? Ayisoloko iyinto enzima ngolo hlobo.
1. Iindidi zesiveliso eziza kuthunyelwa kumazwe angaphaya kwemida
Qho ngonyaka, kukho iimalike ezintsha zesiveliso esitsha kuthathelwa ingqalelo ukuba okuthandwa ngabathengi kusoloko kutshintshatshintsha. Kufuneka kwenziwe uphando oluninzi kwindlela yokucwangcisa kwakho izinto ukuba ufuna ukuthumela ngaphandle iimpahla kwimalike yamazwe asondeleneyo, yaye abavelisi kufuneka balungele ukutshintsha iindlela zokwenza izinto ukuba bafuna ukuhlala belungile.
U-Uzair Essack, ongumlawuli wesigqeba ongumthengisi nomboneleli ngesiveliso iRiyp, ucebisa ukuba amafama aqalayo okokuqala kunye nabathumela ngaphaya kwemida iimpahla kufuneka banike ingqwalaselo kwisiveliso esitsha esiyimpahla ethandwa kakhulu kwimalike yamazwe osondelelwano neziza eMzantsi Afrika.
“Xa usaqalisayo, kubhetele kakhulu ukubambelela kwizinto eziqhelekileyo uMzantsi Afrika osele uzithumela kumazwe angaphaya kwemida,” utsho uEssack. “Ngolo hlobo, iya kuba ziziqhamo zesitrasi nezemithi emagqabi azo avuthulukayo, anjengeeapile, amapere neediliya.”
Oku kubangelwa kukuba kukho iinkcukacha esele zifumaneka malunga nokukhulisa kwanokuthumela kumazwe angaphaya kwemida ezi ziqhamo kwimalike yosondelelwano lwamazwe ngamazwe; zinguvimba omkhulu wamafama amatsha. Ezi zithathwa kwakhona njengeziqhamo ezihlala ixesha elide.
Kwelinye icala, oku ingasisiwo sakho. Ukuba ufuna ukuthatha inyathelo elingumngcipheko lokubalasela kwimalike yosondelelwano lwamazwe ngamazwe, kufuneka ukuba ufumane isiqhamo iziqhamo zokukuvulela umtyhi okanye imifuno engalinywa ngabantu abaninzi.
2. Yenza uphando kakuhle ngeemalike zakho
Imalike nganye iinempawu zayo, yaye kufuneka wazi ukuba ziyintoni na ezi zinto, utsho uEssack. Uthetha esusela kumava njengentloko yenkampani yosondelelwano lwamazwe ngamazwe kwanokuhambisa iziqhamo, imifuno, nezinye iziveliso ngaphakathi nangaphaya kwemida yeli lizwe.
“Umzekelo, eYurophu imali yakho ikhuselekile, kodwa abahlawuli maxabiso aphakame kakhulu. Amazwe akuMbindi Mpuma aya kufaka iodolo kuwe, kodwa ukuba akunabantu unxibelelana nabo abafanelekileyo uya kuphulukana nemali. IRashiya ifuna isicwangciso sohlobo olukhetheke kakhulu, yaye ngokubhekisele kwiAfrika ndisoloko ndicebisa ukuba kuhambe intlawulo yemali phambili, kungabikho enye into.”
Kubalulekile ukwazi izinto ezincomekayo nezingancomekiyo zemalike nganye. Imalike nganye iya kuvelisa imo yezokhuseleko eyahlukileyo ukulungiselela ukhuseleko lwemalike nganye. Imalike nganye iya kubonelela ngokhuseleko lwentlawulo yakho xa kuthelekiswa nomyinge wengeniso.
“Iarhente kufuneka imthembe umthengi ngokwenza iintlawulo,” utsho uAnton Kruger, oyiCEO yeFresh Produce Exporters’ Forum (FPEF). “Baninzi abathengi abangenasazela.”
Ezinye iinkcukacha zemalike ekufuneka zinikwe ingqwalaselo yimfuneko esuka kumazwe ahlukileyo, kwakunye neemfuno ezithile zokuthumela kumazwe angaphaya kwemida
Kukho iingqwalaselo zokhuseleko lokutya, ngokwembono kaKruger. Ngelizwe ngalinye ekuthunyelwa iimpahla kulo elizivalayo iikhemikhali ezahlukileyo, okanye elifuna imimiselo ethile ekufuneka ilandelwe phambi kokuba banganako ukwamkela isiveliso.
Kufuneka kwakhona uqwalasele ukuba sesiphi isiveliso iimalike ezisithathayo, iisayizi nemigqaliselo yomgangatho eziyifunayo, nkqu nendlela yokupakishwa kwazo abakuthandayo.
3. Umngcipheko neelahleko
“Mininzi imingeni neelahleko kumxokelelwano wothunyelompahla kumazwe angaphaya kwemida,” utsho uKruger. “Isiveliso siyonakala, sineemfuneko zamaqondo obushushu yaye sisenokuba selwandle iiveki ezimbini ukuya kwiiveki ezine kuxhomekeke kwilizwe elo isiveliso siya kulo.”
“Kuya kubakho iilahleko eziyi100%,” uyavuma uEssack.
“Ngako ke, njengomntu onqwenela ukuthunyelwa kwesiveliso esitsha ngaphaya kwemida yelizwe, kufuneka ukhumbule oku.
Kukho iilahleko zamabango amalunga nokuba semgangathweni kweempahla nje ukuba isiveliso sifike kwimalike esiya kuyo, apho inxalenye yomgangatho wekhonteyina uye wadodobala yaye ke ngoko ixabiso eliqingqiweyo linokuncitshiswa. Kukho kwakhona umngcipheko wokuphulukana nentengiso iyonke ukuba akukhange ulandele imigqaliselo eyiyo yemalike othumela kuyo engaphaya kwemida yelizwe.
Iziqhamo nesinye isiveliso esitsha osithumela ngaphaya kwemida yelizwe siya kuvavanywa yaye, ukuba sifumaniseke sineempawu zezinto ezingavumelekanga, ikhonteyina yonke yesiveliso inokutshatyalaliswa.
4. Ukunciphisa umngcipheko nelahleko
“Njengomntu othumela iziveliso kumazwe angaphaya kwemida eyona nto ibaluleke kakhulu kukuzama ukuba unciphise ilahleko yakho, utsho uEssack. Unyaka oyimpumelelo uthetha ukuba uyiphelisile ilahleko kangangoko unako.”
Xa usebenza nabantu abathumela iimpahla kumazwe angaphaya kwemida abathumela ngeenqanawa iivolyum ezinkulu, abathumela iimpahla kumazwe angaphaya kwemida abasaqalayo banako ukuwusasaza umngcipheko wabo, kanti kwibango loqwalaselomgangatho linokuba nefuthe elikhulu kumntu othumela iimpahla ngaphaya kwemida ngeevolyum ezincinane, ngokokutsho kukaKruger.
“Kubalulekile ukuba abantu abathumela iimpahla ngaphaya kwemida nabalawula imingcipheko besebenzisa izixhobo ezinjengeinshorensi yezaselwandle, i-inshorensi yoqinisekiso lokunikwa ngetyala (nanto leyo ngamanye amaxesha kunokubonelelwa ngayo kwiimalike ezisahlumayo) kwaneenkqubo zokhuseleko lokutya kwanolawulo lomgangatho,” uyacebisa uKruger.
“Kwiimalike ezibonelela ngeinshorensi yokunikeza ngetyala, ndicebisa ukuba kufunyanwe i-inshorensi kwabo bathengi,” utsho uEssack. “Ngako ke, ukuba abakuhlawuli, unabo ubuncinane bekhava yenxalenye ethile yeziqhamo okanye yentlawulo.”
Ukuze kuncitshiswe umngcipheko wokulahlekelwa yimali kumgangatho wesiveliso, uEssack ucebisa ukuba kungasetyenziswa kuphela ifama nolawulo lomgangatho lwePPECB, kodwa kwakhona sebenzisa indlela yakho yolawulomgangatho ukuqinisekisa ukuba iziqhamo zimka zikwimeko elungileyo.
Unako kwakhona ukusebenzisa abahloli bomgangatho abazimeleyo ababiza malunga neR1 000 ngohlolo ngalunye.
Enye indlela onokuphulukana nemali ngayo, iphathelele kuthutho lweempahla ngeenqanawa nemiba yamaqondo obushushu, utsho uEssack. “Kubalulekile ukuba neinshorensi esemgangathweni nenamandla elungiselela wena ngokumalunga nayo nayiphi na imiba yezothutho ngeenqanawa.”
5. Ukwakha ubudlelane obuliqilima
“Kubalulekile ukuba nobudlelane obububo nabaxhasi bakho,” utsho uEssack. “Leyo yenye yeenkalo zomsebenzi wam endizithanda kakhulu. Ndiye ndizame ukutyelela bonke abaxhasi bam ubuncinane qho kunyaka wesibini ukwenzela ukulondoloza ubudlelane nje kuphela.”
Ngokokutsho kukaKruger ngokwesiseko zimbini iindlela iiarhente zokuthunyelwa kweempahla ngaphaya kwemida ezisebenza ngazo.
Kwenye indlela enokukhethwa, iiarhente zizuza ikhomishini ngetranzekshini ephakathi nomlimi kunye nomthengi wamazwe ngamazwe, apho iimpahla zizezomlimi zide zifikelele kwicala lomthengi. Umntu othumela iimpahla kumazwe angaphaya kwemida utsala zonke iindleko ekungenwe kuzo kumxokelelwano wokuthengwa kweempahla neenkonzo, kuqukwa nekomishini yabo esuka kwixabiso lokuthengiswayo aze ahlawule ibhalansi kumlimi nje ukuba igqibeke itranzekshini.
“Apha, umngcipheko ufumaneka kumlimi ubukhulu becala,” utsho uKruger. “Oku kulingana nento eyenziwa ngumlimi yokuhlawula malunga namaR500 000 kwixabiso lokuthengiswayo ngekhonteyina enye, inika okanye ithatha. Inganganeno kwisitrasi okanye ibe ngaphezulu ngokuphathelele kumaqunube abhlowu.”
“Ngenxa yoko, akukho lula kumlimi ukuba athembe iarhente entsha ejongene nothunyelompahla kumazwe angaphaya kwemida ngesiveliso sakhe.
Indlela enokukhethwa, etshintshela ubuninzi bomngcipheko ukusuka kumlimi ukuya kwiarhente phambi kokuthunyelwa kweempahla ngaphaya kwemida yelizwe kunye nokunciphisa inqanaba lentembeko elifunwa ngumlimi, liquka ukuthengwa kweziqhamo kwangaphambili zisiya kumthengi wamazwe angaphaya kwemida kusenziwa oko ngexabiso eliqingqiweyo. Le yinkqubo acebisa ukuba kusetyenziswe yona ukunciphisa umngcipheko onokubakho.
